IJIMCE : International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Construction and Energy

Comparative Analysis of Energy Efficiency Measurement in Building with Manual Calculation and RETScreen Expert

Andika Saputra — 2024-06-30

Energy efficiency is a crucial aspect of energy saving efforts. Energy efficiency is an important factor in reducing energy consumption and environmental impacts. One of the important steps that can be taken in achieving energy efficiency is to conduct an energy audit. An energy audit is a systematic process to evaluate energy use in a building and identify energy saving opportunities that can be done. RETSCreen Expert is one of the software that can be used for energy audits. This research focuses on analyzing the comparison between manual calculations and calculations using RETScreen Expert software on building energy efficiency. The factors used to analyze energy efficiency are air conditioning systems, room lighting systems, and the use of other electronic devices, over a one-year period. The analysis results show that there are differences in calculations between the use of manual methods and RETScreen Expert. The difference between manual calculation and RETScreen Expert is 15.42%. With this difference, it is assumed that manual calculations and calculations using RETScreen Expert do not have too much difference. The results of the energy audit also show that the air conditioning system (HVAC) is a major contributor to the building's energy consumption.

Design and Construction of Crimping Press Equipment Perfume Bottle Sprayer (Crimper)

Mulyadi — 2024-06-30

This research examines the Perfume Bottle Sprayer Crimping Press Tool (Crimper), designed to install the sprayer on perfume bottles using the principle of a simple lever-type device. The focus of the research was to evaluate the reliability of the tool in preventing leaks at various heights of perfume bottles. The Crimper manufacturing process includes using a milling machine to form flat sides, cutting with a grinder for precise dimensions, and welding using a TIG welding machine with argon gas to maintain the strength of the stainless steel. Tests carried out on perfume bottles with heights of 95 mm, 68 mm and 71 mm, showed that the Crimper was successful in preventing leaks in all tests. The results confirm the reliability and efficiency of tools in industry, in line with the demands of an increasingly competitive global market. Thus, Crimper not only meets technical specifications but can also be relied on to increase production efficiency and maintain consistent product quality.

Design and Analysis of a Candlenut Shell Breaking Machine

Zulhendri — 2024-06-30

Candlenut seeds are one of the plants that grow in Indonesia. Candlenut leaves and seeds have many benefits that are useful for human life. Candlenut oil can be used as a raw material for making varnish, paint, soap, fabric oil, resin, synthetic leather, lubricants, compost, and cleaning or polishing mixtures. Candlenut fruit has a shape ranging from oval to round, green to brownish green, with a length of ± 5–6 cm and a width of ± 5-7 cm. One candlenut contains one to three candlenut seeds. To get the candlenut seeds, they must be removed from their hard and thick shell by breaking them.So far, getting candlenut seeds has been done by breaking them manually by hitting them one by one. This is certainly not effective and takes a long time. Based on this, a tool was designed and made for breaking candlenut shells using a 2 HP motor drive. This candlenut shell breaker tool consists of a throwing part that rotates vertically, which, due to the centripental effect, throws the candlenut kernels against the wall of the breaker. The broken candlenut kernels and shells fall down into the filter section to separate the kernels and shells, then the candlenut kernels go inside. holding containers. To get the ideal launcher rotation, several speed variations were tested, namely: 1. 250 rpm, 2. 350 rpm, and 3. 500 rpm. Of the three variations of rotation, the best rotation was obtained with the shell breaking and the seeds releasing well without breaking, namely at 350 rpm.

The Effect of Aegle Marmelos Shell Particles Size on The Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Matrix Composites as An Alternative Material For Motorcycle Disc Brake Pad

Danny Firman Ocviansyah — 2024-06-30

The particle size can effect the mechanical properties of composite materials. Variations in particle size will form different mechanical properties in the composite. The particle size variations used in this research are 100 mesh, 120 mesh, and 140 mesh. Making composites using a volume fraction of 30% aegle marmelos shell powder, 20% aluminum powder, and 50% epoxy resin using the hand lay-up method. This research design uses true experimental design with posttest-only design type, there is an experimental group (composite) and control group (Indoparts brand brake pads). Mechanical testing carried out is toughness / impact testing, rockwell-b hardness testing and wear testing. The highest toughness value was obtained in the composite with 140 mesh particle size variation of 0.01180 J/mm². The highest rockwell-b hardness value was obtained in the 140 mesh particle size variation of 76.9 HRB. The hardness value is closest to the value of the Indoparts brand brake pad. This shows that the smaller the particle size, the hardness value increases. The most optimal wear test results were obtained in the 100 mesh particle size variation with a value of 5.7357 × 10^-7 mm²/kg. This value is the closest value to the value of the Indoparts brand brake pad. So it can be concluded that aegle marmelos shell powder can be recommended as an alternative material for motorcycle brake pad.

Development of Betel Nut Splitting Machine

Riza Muharni — 2024-06-30

The main purpose of this design is to make betel nut splitting machine to obtain maximum and effective production results and reduce the risk of work accidents. The stages in the manufacture of this betel nut splitting machine consist of literature study, tool drawing design, tool and material preparation, tool making and assembly, then testing and analysis stages. Specifications of betel nut splitting machine with a length of 800 mm, width 600 mm, height 1000 mm. Basically, the process in the introduction rotor and the cleavage by the blade is designed in such a way as to fulfill the cleavage function. This machine could produce up to 160kg of betel nut within one hour.

Design and Construction of a Fish Seed Counting Tool Using Infrared Proximity Sensors Based on PLC and HMI

Dedi Erawadi — 2024-06-30

Fish hatcheries are a significant endeavor in aquaculture with promising economic potential. However, the manual process of counting fish seeds is time-consuming and inefficient. This paper examines a prototype of a fish seed counting device based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Human Machine Interface (HMI) that can expedite the counting process. The device is designed using infrared proximity sensors, a DC power window motor, a solenoid valve, and is controlled by a PLC and HMI. The infrared proximity sensor is placed under the fish passageway to detect fish presence. The counting results are displayed on the HMI screen. After counting, the DC motor closes the fish passageway, and the fish in the plastic packaging are automatically tied for oxygen filling. Testing results indicate that this fish seed counting device functions well and can improve the efficiency of the fish seed counting process

Steering System Design for the Marapi Electric Car Politeknik Negeri Padang

Hendri Candra Mayana — 2024-06-30

This research aims to design and build a steering system for electric cars at the Padang State Polytechnic. This design is focused on meeting the minimum turning radius requirement of 6 meters in accordance with the KMHE 2023 regulations, with the aim of demonstrating compliance with expected safety and maneuverability standards. The steering system used is Rack and Pinion, which has proven to be effective in controlling the turning angle of the wheels with the turning angle of the inside front wheel being 15.74º and the outside front wheel being 13.71°. This ensures that the vehicle can make turns with optimal smoothness and stability. Ackerman Angle Analysis for a Tire Slip Angle of 7.35° confirms that this steering system design is successful in optimizing vehicle performance in various turning conditions. Overall, the design of this steering system satisfies the essential technical requirements for urban electric vehicles, increasing efficiency and effectiveness in energy use and ensuring user safety.

The Effect of Compaction Pressure of Evaporation Boats, Kaolin and Rice Husk Charcoal Composition on Thermal Conductivity and Microstructure

Casminto — 2024-06-30

Evaporation boats waste is a waste that is difficult to decompose which has characteristics as a material for makingowi, but its utilisation is still not optimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of compaction pressure on the thermal conductivity and microstructure of aowi made from evaporation boats, kaolin and rice husk charcoal. The research method used was experimental. The independent variable used in this study is the kowi compaction pressure with variations of 20 MPa, 25 MPa, 30 MPa, 35 MPa. The composition of the materials used is 50% evaporation boats, 35% kaolin powder, and 15% rice husk charcoal and 15% water from the total weight of the materials in the mixing. The dependent variables in this study are thermal conductivity testing and microstructure observation. Control variables in this study are powder particle size 100 mesh, mixing time 90 minutes, thickness 2 and 4 mm, specimen diameter 40 mm, firing temperature used 8000C, and holding time 2 hours. The results showed that the average value of the highest thermal conductivity of 4.1045 W / MK at a compression pressure of 35 MPa and the lowest thermal conductivity value of 3.3499 W / MK at a compression pressure of 20 MPa. The higher the compression pressure, the greater the value of thermal conductivity. This is because the greater the compression pressure, the stronger the bond between particles and pores are reduced so that the density increases. The microstructure shows a difference in phase at each compression pressure given. The greater the compression pressure applied, the tighter the density of the material.

Keywords: Compression Pressure, kowi, evaporation boats, kaolin, rice husk charcoal, thermal conductivity, microstructure

Study on the Energy and Exergy of a Biomass-Assisted Recirculating Mixed-Flow Dryer Utilized for Drying Paddy

Muhammad Yahya — 2024-06-30

The performance of a biomass-assisted recirculating mixed-flow dryer for drying paddy (Oryza sativa L.) was thoroughly assessed. The dryer system comprises a biomass furnace, drying column, vibratory feeder, bucket elevator, and blower. In the experimental setup, the drying time required to reduce the moisture content of paddy from 20.90% (wet basis) to 13.30% (wet basis) was measured at 4.5 hours. During this period, the average air temperature was recorded at 78.15 °C, accompanied by an average relative humidity of 8.55%. The observed drying rate ranged from 1.688 to 18.126 kg/h, with an average value of 7.792 kg/h. Further analysis revealed that the specific moisture evaporation rate (SMER) and specific energy consumption (SEC) varied between 0.122 and 1.308 kg/kWh, and 0.806 and 8.657 kWh/kg, respectively. The corresponding average values were 0.562 kg/kWh for SMER and 4.119 kWh/kg for SEC. The thermal efficiency of the dryer, along with exergy efficiency, demonstrated a range of 7.82% to 83.99% and 15.28% to 25.64%, respectively. The average values for thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency were calculated as 36.11% and 19.46%. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the biomass furnace ranged from 70.63% to 87.70%, with an overall average efficiency of 79.53%.